A low-voltage electrical appliance is a component or device that can manually or automatically turn the circuit on or off according to external signals and requirements to switch, control, protect, detect, change and adjust the circuit or non-electrical object. According to the working voltage of the control electric appliance, it can be divided into two categories: high-voltage control electric appliance and low-voltage control electric appliance, with the boundary of AC 1200V and DC 1500V. In general, low-voltage electrical appliances can be divided into two major categories of distribution electrical appliances and control electrical appliances, and are the basic components of complete electrical equipment. In the industrial, agricultural, transportation, defense, and people's electricity sectors, most use low-voltage power supply, so the quality of electrical components will directly affect the reliability of low-voltage power supply systems. The development of low-voltage electrical appliances depends on the development of the national economy and the needs of the development of modern industrial automation, as well as the research and application of new technologies, new processes, and new materials. It is moving toward high performance, high reliability, miniaturization, digital modeling, and modules. Development, integration and generalization of components. A low-voltage electrical appliance is a component or device that can manually or automatically turn the circuit on or off according to external signals and requirements to switch, control, protect, detect, change and adjust the circuit or non-electrical object. According to the working voltage of the control electric appliance, it can be divided into two categories: high-voltage control electric appliance and low-voltage control electric appliance, with the boundary of AC 1200V and DC 1500V. In general, low-voltage electrical appliances can be divided into two major categories of distribution electrical appliances and control electrical appliances, and are the basic components of complete electrical equipment. In the industrial, agricultural, transportation, defense, and people's electricity sectors, most use low-voltage power supply, so the quality of electrical components will directly affect the reliability of low-voltage power supply systems. The development of low-voltage electrical appliances depends on the development of the national economy and the needs of the development of modern industrial automation, as well as the research and application of new technologies, new processes, and new materials. It is moving toward high performance, high reliability, miniaturization, digital modeling, and modules. Development, integration and generalization of components. Enterprise industry development China's low-voltage electrical industry has grown from simple assembly and imitation to self-developed design. It has grown to nearly 1,000 series, with about 1,500 production companies and an annual output value of about 20 billion yuan. However, the domestic low-voltage electrical appliance production enterprises are small and the number is too large, and more than 90% of the enterprises are in the repeated production of medium and low-grade products. The three generations of products coexist, according to the output value, the market share of the first generation products is 15%, the market share of the second generation products is 45%, and the market share of the third generation products is 40%. According to the national policy, the structure of low-voltage electrical products needs further adjustment in the future. Products that are backward in process, large in size, high in energy consumption and polluting the environment will be eliminated. In the low-voltage electrical industry, the situation of “three-legged†in China, private and foreign-funded enterprises has been going on for many years. ABB, Siemens, Schneider Electric and other international electrical companies have entered the Chinese market in full, and actively enter the domestic middle and low-end market while occupying the high-end product market. With the globalization of the market, the mutual penetration of foreign-funded enterprises and domestic enterprises is another inevitable trend in the development of the low-voltage electrical industry. This penetration includes the penetration of high-end products of domestic enterprises into foreign markets; the products of foreign-funded enterprises will penetrate into the domestic middle and low-end markets. However, as far as the domestic market is concerned, foreign-funded enterprises have strong R&D, design and management capabilities, while domestic enterprises, especially private enterprises, have flexible business ideas and strong sales channels, but they are inconsistent in terms of enterprise scale and product quality. Still needs to be strengthened. National and local governments should actively encourage enterprises and industrial clusters to extend the industrial value chain, support low-voltage electrical appliances to develop in the direction of “specialization, precision and specialityâ€, and form a number of industrial chains with distinctive features and key points to drive industrial upgrading. Domestically, wire and cable and low-voltage electrical appliances have been officially incorporated into the compulsory certification system. China's compulsory certification products currently have 22 categories and 157 categories. There are many types of compulsory products, including wire and cable, low-voltage electrical appliances, motor vehicles, etc.; there are many industries, including electronic appliances, chemical technology, agricultural machinery, fire safety. Etc.; involves a wide range of knowledge, electrical, mechanical, wireless technology, medical and so on. In addition, in the future, wire and cable and low-voltage electrical appliances will be developed together under the promotion of national policies and market environment. First, as China's economy continues to grow rapidly, it provides a huge market space for cable products. The strong temptation of the Chinese market has made the world focus on the Chinese market. In the short period of reform and opening up, The huge production capacity of China's cable manufacturing industry has made the world look impressive. With the continuous expansion of China's power industry, data communication industry, urban rail transit industry, automobile industry and shipbuilding industry, the demand for wire and cable will also grow rapidly. In the future, the wire and cable industry has huge potential for development; Under the background of the grand development goals and sustained macroeconomic growth proposed in the 12th Five-Year Plan, fixed asset investment, industrial production and overall consumption, especially the rapid growth of urban population, will certainly drive the growth of power generation and electricity consumption. Therefore, the future market development of low-voltage electrical appliances will continue to expand. 2011-2020 will be the main period of China's smart grid construction, the total investment scale of smart grid is expected to be close to 4 trillion yuan. Smart grid has entered an important stage of comprehensive construction, urban and rural distribution The intelligent construction of the power grid will be fully opened, and the smart grid and intelligent complete sets of equipment, intelligent power distribution and control systems will usher in the golden period of development. At the same time, it will accelerate the upgrading of China's low-voltage electrical products and the re-segmentation of the low-voltage electrical market. Production enterprises with third-generation improvement and fourth-generation low-voltage electrical equipment research and development capabilities must It will be a "gospel". After years of development, China's low-voltage electrical industry has formed a relatively complete system. It can produce nearly 1000 series of low-voltage electrical products with an output value of about 30 billion yuan. Due to the large number of enterprises, especially the rise of a large number of private enterprises in Wenzhou, the formation of an absolute buyer's market has resulted in a serious overcapacity of more than 50%. China's low-voltage electrical appliance manufacturing enterprises are mainly concentrated in Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. The distribution of enterprises is generally reasonable. There are several problems in the economic scale of enterprises: (1) The scale of the organization is small and scattered, lacking competitive strength and advantages. At present, there are not many manufacturers of low-voltage electrical appliances entering China's large-scale enterprises, while SMEs account for more than 90% (large-scale enterprises with annual sales income and total assets of 500 million yuan or more; medium-sized enterprises with 50 million yuan or more) Enterprises, the rest are small businesses); (2) The regional structure is convergent and cannot reflect comparative advantages and synergistic benefits. In the 20 years since the 1980s, the number of low-voltage electrical appliances has increased from more than 600 to more than 1,000. Due to blind projects and paving, the regional industry has become more and more accommodative, with low economic returns and low-level redundant construction, resulting in product backlog, energy, material waste, and low economic consequences. (3) The technical structure is unreasonable, and the level of technical equipment in major industries is low. According to statistics, in the main technical equipment of enterprises, the technical and economic performance is only one third of the advanced. The leading products of the backbone enterprises accounted for only about 18% of the international technical level in the 1990s. In 2011, China's electric power infrastructure will continue to maintain a large investment scale. The newly installed infrastructure of the country's infrastructure will be about 90 million kilowatts. At the end of the year, the installed capacity of the country will exceed 1.04 billion kilowatts. The production of so many power generation equipment will inevitably require corresponding low-voltage electrical components. In addition, a new round of rural power grid reconstruction and upgrading projects, and a new investment of 300 billion yuan in rural power grid transformation in the next three years, is a great opportunity for the future expansion of the low-voltage electrical industry. The key is to see whether the company can cater to the urgently needed products in the market, as well as product quality stability and operational reliability. Judging from the survey of major enterprises in the industry, the sales value of the second half of the year is optimistic. It is estimated that the overall sales of low-voltage electrical appliances in 2011 will continue to grow compared with 2010, about 45 billion yuan. Corporate profits will also be in a steady and modest growth. In 2011, the smart grid will enter a full implementation phase, with a total investment scale of nearly 4 trillion yuan. These have once again demonstrated the determination and will of the Chinese government to make rational use of resources, vigorously promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and actively develop a low-carbon economy. At the same time, investment in power grid construction will also enter a period of rapid growth, and the long-term development potential of the primary equipment sub-sector and secondary equipment sub-sector is huge. Therefore, industry enterprises must firmly grasp the development opportunities of smart grids, and with the development of smart grids, enterprises must clearly realize that the development of low-voltage electrical appliances should first be considered from the perspective of system development. And we must work hard from the system to all power distribution, protection, control components, from the power to the weak power. The development of low-voltage electrical products in the future will present the following development trends: Low-voltage electrical products are intelligent. In modern power stations and industrial and mining enterprises, electronic computer monitoring systems have been widely used, and high-performance and intelligent requirements for low-voltage circuit breakers are provided, and products are required to have protection, monitoring, testing, self-diagnosis, display, etc. Features. Electronic products. In modern enterprises, the use of PC control systems instead of systems consisting of electrical-mechanical components is the mainstream of mechanical and electrical control systems. The system requires electrical products with high reliability and high anti-interference. It also requires that the contacts can reliably connect low voltage and weak current. The arc when the contacts are disconnected cannot interfere with the normal operation of the electronic circuit. Product combination and modularization. Combining modules with different functions into modular combination appliances according to different requirements is the development direction of the low-voltage electrical industry today. Adding auxiliary contact components, delay components, self-locking components, interface components, mechanical interlocking components and surge voltage components to the body of the contactor can adapt to the requirements of different occasions, thereby expanding the scope of application and simplifying the production process. It is convenient for users to install, use and repair. At the same time, product reliability and product quality will be further improved. User needs analysis The basic characteristics of user needs. (1) The volume is large and wide. It can be said that all industries in the national economy are inseparable from low-voltage electrical appliances. People's daily life is also inseparable from low-voltage electrical appliances. (2) Variety of specifications (voltage, current, protection, number of poles), complex environmental conditions (altitude, temperature, humidity, pollution, etc.). (3) Users pay more and more attention to the quality (appearance, reliability, life, volume, etc.) of low-voltage electrical appliances. Products with low quality and low prices are popular. 2. Demand structure. The demand structure of low-voltage electrical products varies from industry to industry, but generally has the following rules: First, the ratio of frame type circuit breakers to molded case circuit breakers is about 1:9. Second, the use of high current level products is relatively small (such as less than 1600A circuit breakers, less than 3000A), while 100A and below products are very large, and small molded case circuit breakers use more. Third, the use of low-voltage electrical products such as starters, fuses, contactors, thermal relays, and signal lights for protecting motors is very large. Fourth, the self-control industry and the electric drive industry have very large quantities of contactors, fuses, limit switches, travel switches, buttons, and signal lights. Fifth, the number of vacuum circuit breaker products used in the mining and coal chemical industries is large.
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